Difference between Photoshop and illustrator

By
Pranita,

Photoshop and Illustrator are two of Adobe's popular graphics tools. If you're working on a new project, you might have a hard time figuring out which of the two programs will work best for you, since on the surface they seem so similar. We've jot down some of the main differences between Photoshop and Illustrator.

Photoshop :-
Adobe Photoshop is a great program for modifying already created images or graphics, like photos, and is Adobe's most popular program. Raster or bitmap graphics are created in Photoshop. These graphics can sometimes look a little rough since raster images are made up of individual colored squares, known as pixels. Everything in Photoshop is just a series of pixels, so if you're scaling something up or down, it can lose its quality very quickly. Photoshop is a best option for web graphics, photo editing and designs since those projects will stay at a fixed size. Editing photos is awesome in Photoshop, because it includes a lot of unique filters, special effects and tools. Another advantage of Photoshop is that you can have complete control of your projects, since you can edit your graphic pixel-by-pixel.

Illustrator :-
Adobe Illustrator is advanced vector-based software. So, unlike Photoshop's pixel-based format, it uses mathematical constructs to create vector graphics. In Illustrator, a line is composed of two points connected by a computer algorithm, instead of just a line of pixels. Because of this, Illustrator is used often to create logos or anything that may need to be printed or displayed at different sizes. Illustrator will also give you a better print output since it's not relying on resolution. A drawback of Illustrator is that it can't be used easily to modify images that are already created, since there are limited filters and image editing tools available to you.

Conclusion:-

You'll come to find that some people just prefer to use one software over another, but sometimes it's best to use Photoshop and Illustrator parallelly. For example, you may need to add some text to an image you need to edit. Maybe you need to add a watermark to a photo for your blog or over an image for your portfolio. It's best not to add any text to an image in Photoshop since it can distort, so transferring the edited photo to Illustrator and then adding the text there will give you the best result. One is definitely not better than the other, they're just different. Analyzing the basic differences between Photoshop and Illustrator will help you make the closure about which software is best for your next project.

Digital Marketing can Boost your Business

By

Sujata,

The digital marketing is the best way to share our ideas

 using the Digital marketing  we can easily reach to the people.

Social media is the online communications channels dedicated to community-based input, interaction, content-sharing and collaboration.

Social media marketing (SMM) taken advantage of social networking to help the company to increase  brand The goal is create content  that users will share it on  social network

 social media makes it easy to tell a company and everyone else about their experiences with that company whether those experiences is good or bad.  Internally social media apps can help more to employees for accessing and easy to get information and resources witch they want they need to work together effectively and solve business problems according to the client requirement .

 Brand Recognition:-

Your social media networks are just new channels for your brand’s and content. this is the important because it is makes you easier to use and comfortable for any new customers, and makes you more familiar for  the  customers. For example, a frequent Twitter user could hear about your company for the first time only after stumbling upon it in a newsfeed.

brand loyalty:-

As per the report which is  published by  Texas Tech University, brands who is on social media channels enjoy loyalty from their customers. The report conclusion   “Companies should have to take more advantage from  the tools social media gives them when it comes to connecting with their audience. The most of the  Americans who follow brands in social are more loyal to those brands.

 Opportunities :- Every post you make on a social media it is good  platform or an  opportunity for customers to convert. When you build a following, you will simultaneously have to  access all type of customers new customers, recent customers, and old customers, and you will be able to interact similarly with all of the customer Every blog post, images, videos, or comments you share is a chance for someone to react, and every reaction could lead to a site visit, and eventually a conversion.  

 Marketing Costs:-

According to  the Hub spot, 84% of marketers required at least six hours of effort per week was enough to generate and  increased traffic . If you can spend just one hour a day to developing your content and syndication strategy, you could start seeing the results of your efforts. Even advertising through the Facebook and Twitter is relatively cheap (depending on your goals, of course). Start small and you will never have to worry about going over budget once you get a better feel for what to expect, you can increase your budget and increase your conversions as per your need.

Social media is an opportunity to publicly demonstrate your customer service level and  relationship with your customers on social media.

Social media is all about relationship building, and it going  to grow  as your followers tell their friends, and their friends tell their friends, and so on. The as possible as soon you start, it will be able to start growing that audience.

Effective ways to Communicate with Business Prospects

By
Chaitali,

One of the most critical parts of closing a sales deal is how you communicate with your prospect. We’ve seen situations where we (Ziuby) have competed against some of the top companies and won the project simply through the power of effective communication. What’s our little secret to effective communication? Well, read on as we spill the beans and help you explore some ways to communicate effectively that every company should keep in mind while dealing with a client.

Introduce: We’ve heard many amateur sales people start off a telephonic conversation with ‘‘Hi! My name is Mr. X and I work at Blah Blah Company. My colleague told me you need help with so and so services, so tell me how can I help you?” We Ziuby hate it when someone talks to a prospect like this. So letting go of one of our well kept secrets, let us help you, the star salesmen of tomorrow, learn the art of introducing yourself. When you get on to a call with a prospect, take some time to introduce yourself and your company before you proceed to the next stage. Let them know that they are talking to a sane human and not some brainless zombie who is only concerned about sealing the deal and achieve his sales target.

Understand what they do and what they want: You have talked enough about yourself. Now is the time to understand who your clients are, what they do and what they want? It’s really important to understand your customers’ needs at the beginning of the project so that you both are on the same page. Besides, understanding their business from them would help you understand their needs better and deliver as per their expectations.

Listen: And we don’t just mean listening from the ears but also from your mind. Give your prospects the room to talk and express themselves and do not interrupt. Listening to your prospect’s needs would:

-  Give you a clear picture of his needs

- Help you decide whether his requirements compliment your business’ strategic goals

- Allow you to promise only what you can deliver

Make him comfortable: It is very important for your prospect to feel comfortable while speaking with you. One of the most important traits of a great sales person is to have the ability to easily break the ice with a prospect. Master this and you will substantially increase the probability of earning a project.
Think of this like starting a relationship. When you approach a girl and want to ask her out, you just don’t go to her and tell her so. You start by breaking the ice and take your time to make her comfortable so that she can trust you. A prospect is very similar to that girl; you can’t keep peeping into his pocket all the time. Treat a prospect with respect, take it slow, earn his trust and you have laid the foundation for a long-lasting relationship.

Avoid Jargons: Always remember that you are not talking to your colleague but with someone who may be completely unaware of your industry. Avoid jargons and talk in plain English (or whatever language your prospect speaks) to make your prospect feel comfortable.

Take notes: No use of talking to a prospect/client if you can’t remember a darn thing after two days. Make it a habit to write the important things down while you talk, so you can recollect everything that was said and the promises you made (using this technique with your wife can be pretty effective as well!). Also, try not to take notes on your computer; it could produce an annoying keyboard-hitting sound. Always keep a notepad and pen handy to jot down the important points.

Probe, probe, and probe – Many a times we hesitate to ask questions because we think that might make us look like an idiot. Our advice: It’s better to ask a dumb question than to correct a dumb mistake. By not asking questions and assuming things you may create a situation in the future where your assumptions (those you made by not asking questions) differ from your client’s expectations. Problems are sure to arise if the two of you are not on the same page.

6 Guidelines to choose a great domain name

By
Shital,

Stick with .Com’s : Companies targeting specific geographical regions may prefer to register a local domain name (.co.in, .it, .cn) while organizations might want to register a .org domain. However, if you don’t fall in either of the two categories, a .com domain should always be your first choice since most of the people make an assumption that the website would be a .com.

KISS (Keep it simple silly) : Keep the domain name simple and easy to remember. Do keep in mind the following while selecting a name for your site:

  - Avoiding Hyphens, underscores, numbers, short forms or any such thing that can possibly confuse your target audience.

Easy to remember : www.ohwowican’trememberyourdomainname.com – Do not buy a domain name that gets people to scratch their head. Your business can lose so many visitors just because of a complex domain name. For example onli9marketing.com may look cool but it’s a really complex domain name which may confuse people and send them to your competitor’s website because they are simply tired trying to remember the exact domain name.

Ahh, that sounds familiar : Buying a domain name which sounds familiar to an existing domain, or which can be replicated easily by rearranging few letters, is a recipe for disaster. Just imagine, you work day-in-day-out to build a really successful business with a domain name ‘www.startupnews.com’ and one fine day, one of your competitors starts the same business with a domain name ‘www.startupnewz.com’. What happens then? Well, that newbie in the business steals a lot of worthy traffic from your website because you left a gap open.

Word of Advice : If you really like a domain name which can be replicated by slightly twisting the alphabets then it’s better to buy the closest variations as well. This way you can make sure that your competitors don’t steal your site traffic even if your target audience mistypes the domain name (In the above case one should buy ‘startupnews.com’ and ‘startupnewz.com’, just to avoid the confusion).
 
Avoid Copyright Infringement : Businesses usually do not make this mistake, but it’s better to be safe when buying a domain name. Copyright infringement can literally kill a great domain name and your business too. Visit copyright.gov to ensure that you are not infringing anyone’s copyright.

No Spammy domain names : Domain name should be such that helps you build your brand. For example, a domain name like ‘seo-expert-london.com’ can help your website a little to rank on the first page of Google for keywords like ‘SEO expert in London’, ‘ SEO expert London’ but seriously guys is it the kind of name that you want to live with? Not only do these kinds of brand names look spammy but they also have little or negligible branding value.

These were a few rules you must keep in mind to launch a great business website. So, start brainstorming the keywords for your website right away! You can visit www.godaddy.com to quickly check out the availability of a particular domain name and buy it. Isn’t it simple?

 

The art of getting what you want

By,
Neha

The art of getting what you want in life. The main question arises is that How do we get what we want in life and in work? This question carry many of our behaviors and habits. There is always a high level of awareness to which you are unfamiliar. At this level all your wishes can be fulfilled.

The Following points are to get Help to what you want from our Life-
1) Find What we Want – The First step to getting the things you want out of life is this Decide what you want. It is not want something it is about our Goals, Aims and our Feelings to stay Happy always i.e. What we want from inside. The problem is we don’t know that what we want from life because we do not think on that approach so think on everything’s that you want. Everyone is having some goals about what we want in life but we have to stay focused on that things.

If this is your only life then why are not you doing everything you want to do?

2) Develop A plan – First we have to Write down our goals on a paper. And Follow the plan regularly. As you develop a plan, you determine which goals ae most important and which ones deserve th most time and energy. Writing down what you want to achieve Everyday is one of the most Life-Changing Activities you can do.

3) Implement the Plan – Everyone having dreams in our life. It is very relaxing when we sit down and think about what we want in life. But important is we have to take action on it no matter what we want in life but action is needed. Take small action towards your plan.

4) Stay Focused On your Plan – Stay focused, go after our dreams and keep moving toward your goals. We need to stay true to our Goals we will definitely get what you want. The best way to motivate yourself to achieve your goals is to focus deeply everyday on the many benefits of achieving them.

5) Notice Your Achievement – Notices your plan and You can see the result what you achieve in your life and your progress to your Goals. After that you need to focus on your Gains. Knowing what you want to achieve is the first and most important step in setting your goals. Have a vision for your life and All great Achievement’s required time and Strong Plan.

Planning of Goods and Services Tax-2017

By,
Chaitanya

                 

Since last few months the GST Bill is a topic of discussion. Mainly due to its power to revolutionize the entire tax system and also its ability to make life a lot simpler for taxpayers. But what exactly does this Bill talk about and what are its features? 

On 29 March, 2017 India came a little closer to this sales tax regime. The Lok Sabha agreed to pass four important GST Bills for goods and services. The GST bill has the implementation of this wide-ranging tax development by the 1st of July, 2017. GST is accordingly doing changes to entire landscape of tax payment and charges in the country. 

The four GST Bills that were passed are Central Goods and Services Tax Bill or CGST Bill, Compensation GST Bill, Integrated GST Bill and Union Territory GST Bill. 

What? 

The plan behind the implementation of the GST Bill is to merge taxes that we pay on goods and services into one single entity. Goods and services are originally every product that is used by individuals and with the current tax system. Citizens are paying not just one type of tax for a product but many type of taxes for just one product or service. The main reason of this bill is to streamline these multiple taxes into one single system. 

Central Excise Duty, Special Additional Duty of Customs, Additional Duties of Excise and Customs, Service Tax and other surcharges would all be replaced by Central Taxes GST. Similarly VAT Entry Tax, Purchase Tax, Entertainment Tax, taxes on betting, lotteries, state surcharges would be replaced by State Taxes GST. 

Why? 

According to Arun Jaitley, the Finance Minister of India, GST will have a significant impact in curbing excessive inflation. Services and products such as beauty, electronics attract different types of taxes depending on the state that the consumer is staying in, but the implementation of this bill will remove ambiguity. Second reason of this GST Bill is to remove the possibility of excessive taxation on individuals. 

As of now, the State and the Centre calculate and levy taxes based not on the original cost of the service or product but on the layers of tax that are already being levied on the same service or product. This will have an adverse effect on the GDP or Gross Domestic Product of the nation. Through this bill, tax evasion will also be checked and business operations will become simpler. Essential products and daily needs such as food grains and agricultural products are not to be taxed so as to keep an eye on inflation. 

GST Bill 2017 - Changes and Updates 

However, unlike how most would have expected, the current four bills that have been passed do not put forth a single uniform rate across all categories. Instead a multi-tier tax slab has been put forth with four different tax rates i.e., 5%, 12%, 18% and 28%. The main purpose behind this tax system is that luxury goods cannot be taxed at the same rate as daily necessities. Additionally, there would also be goods that are tax-exempted and zero-rated which implies that there are six categories of products and services under the bill. An additional cess on demerit goods such as aerated drinks, luxury cars and tobacco products would be levied. There will not be any tax on food products and petroleum products as of now. There has been no information as of yet regarding alcohol under GST. 

The CGST Bill will allow the Centre to establish and collect tax on intrastate supply for products and services. Collection of tax on supply that is inter-state will be taken care of by the Integrated Goods and Services Tax Bill 2017. Compensation to states due to loss of revenue that may be incurred as a result of GST implementation will be taken care of by the Compensation GST Bill while the Union Territory Goods and Services Tax will allow imposition and collection of tax on supply of products and services that are intrastate by Union Territories. Finance Minister Arun Jaitley has also said that additional tax will not be imposed in order to provide compensation to states and compensation will be paid to them within the existing framework. 

Impact on the general public 

According to this Bill, services will not be taxed over 18% and 5% tax will be levied on mass consumer products such as packaged salts and spices although food grains and other agricultural products are not going to be taxed. For most other products and services, the nearest tax slab will be applicable. Items generally used by the common man such as toothpaste, oil, soap and others will be taxed between 12% to 18% as opposed to the current rate which is over 20%. 

Other products such as washing machines, refrigerators, air conditioners will be taxed at 28% as against the current rate of 30%-31%, thus making them cheaper. Luxury products such as luxury cars, aerated drinks and tobacco products would also attract a tax slab of 28%. 

GST Bill would not be very helpful for individuals working in offices who receive subsidized products, services or eatables as more will have to be paid due to these items being placed under the tax net. This also includes membership at fitness clubs, taxi services or even health insurance. Small firms would also be hit as if a supplier of the company is not registered, then the purchaser will have bear the brunt of the GST on such a sale. 

The government also plans to set up an authority in order to see if there is any reduction in the rate of tax to the consumer by companies after GST has been passed. 

There are a number of pros and cons to this bill and a number of decisions yet to be made. However, it is suffice to say that the GST Bill would serve to simplify the somewhat complicated tax brackets that are currently in use in the country.

Web Real-Time Communication

by Anjali Pawar,

WEBRTC

WebRTC stands for web real-time communication this is a free and modern web application, this application is a collection of communications protocols and application programming interfaces that is use for real-time communication over (p-to-p) peer-to-peer connections via simple APIs.

The WebRTC components have been optimized to best serve this purpose. This applications use for video conferencing, file transfer one to another, chat, or desktop sharing without using any internal or external plugins.

WebRTC is being standardized by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). OpenWebRTC provides another free implementation based on the multimedia framework GStreamer. WebRTC utilizes Real-time Transport Protocol for transfer of audio and video.


WebRTC is supported to some browser like Google chrome, Opera, Firefox, Microsoft edge, Android, chrome OS, Firefox OS, Blackberry.also there are some video stroming software support to WebRTC functionality like Flussonic Media Server and Wowza Streaming Engine.


WebRTC Components
Following are 4 main components in WebRTC

· GetUserMedia: It helps or allows a web browser to access the camera and microphone helping to capture media such as video and audio.

· RTCPeerConnection: This function helps in connecting audio and video calls.

· RTCDataChannel: This function helps browser for sharing the screen components..

The WebRTC API also includes a function:

· getStats: This function allows the web application to fetch a set of information about WebRTC sessions. This informative data are being explained in a separate W3C document.


The MediaStream API was developed for easier access to media streams from local cameras and microphones. The getUserMedia() method is the primary way to fetch local input devices.


The API has a few key features −
· A real-time media streaming is represented by a stream object in the form of video or audio

· It provides a high security level through user rights asking the user before a web application can start fetching a stream

· The input devices are chosen and handled by the MediaStream API (for example, when there are two cameras or microphones connected to the device)

Each MediaStream object includes different MediaStreamTrack objects. They provide video and audio from different input devices.

Each MediaStreamTrack object may contain many channels (right and left audio channels). These are the smallest parts defined by the MediaStream API.


There are two ways to output MediaStream objects. First, we can represent output into a video or audio element. Secondly, we can render output to the RTCPeerConnection object, which then shown to a remote peer.

How to Design a Website Header

by Shital Kadukar

                  

How to Design a Website Header

A website header is the area where is one of the most valuable areas of your website. It runs across the top of the page and appears in every page of your website, except on sales or landing pages and templates that have it removed.

The main reason of your website header is to best part your brand and make your website instantly recognizable to those who are already simple with you. For many businesses, the header is the perfect place to efficiently and effectively convey exactly what your site is about and what your business does.

Website Header Design Considerations

Branding a Person:
If branding a product as the famous or valuable for the brand, the header should focus on making and the connection between the visitor and the person right away. The fastest way to achieve this feeling of contentedness, to accelerate the relationship building process, and to build recognition is to use a happy and smiling photo of the person in the header. Even if a visitor has never met you, simply seeing your face repeatedly will, over time, make them feel like they already know you.

Branding a Business:
If branding a business, understand the the header of your website isn’t going to make or break your online market. In fact, in many cases the best strategy is to minimize the header to bring the content higher up on the page, or to not use a website header at all. Because let’s be honest here, your website logo isn’t what is going to persuade someone to hire you, buy from you, or learn from you.

· When you designing a website header that is branding a business, consider keeping it simple and only including your logo and tagline to keep the header area nice and small.

· If you adding imagery to the header design be careful not to overdo it and consider sticking with one main hero image, and be sure it is relevant and communicates what the site is about.
Branding a Thing:

If branding a thing, event, product, website, program, or service, consider creating a logo for the core offering. If it is offered by a brand, mention that the offer is “brought to you by…” or “presented by…” to add instant credibility. Adding a short statement of use can also help the users and visitors figure out if they are in the right place faster.

· When designing a website header that is branding a thing or product, consider including the logo of the item, a short description or tagline explaining what it is, and if needed a photo of the item.

· If designing a website header for a program site or event site, be sure that the imagery used relate the energy of the event or the program.

Not All Websites Have A Header
A website header takes up valuable real estate at the top of the browser window that isn’t always necessary. For some businesses, there is no need to use a traditional website header, and instead just use the logo and bring the content up higher on the page.

· When designing your website, consider whether or not you really need a header — you may be surprised to discover that you don’t!

· Is your logo or your header are the part of your sales funnel? Is it critical in guiding visitors to take action on your site? If the answer is no, you may not need a header.

· Consider what will happen to your header on mobile devices. Will it disappear anyway or shrink down so small no one can see it anyway? Or will parts of the header start dropping off as the screen gets smaller and smaller until only your logo shows?

Here are some website header design tips:
1. Keep it simple. Don’t try to create too much things in the header — while it is valuable real estate, the more you things into it, the less valuable it becomes.

2. Keep text to a minimum. Your header is primarily for branding and brand recognition, and it should be primarily visual. Keep text in your hear to a minimum. You don’t need to cover your domain name, and your name, product, and your title, and a tagline, and a mission statement or a marketing message etc.

3. Don’t put an opt-in in your header. Adding an opt-in box to your website header was all the rage when it was new back in 2007/2008. But nodes that it’s pass through the web and opt-ins are plastered everywhere, the strategy losing its effectiveness and it can make you appear desperate and amateur if not done correctly . A website opt-in box does not belong on every page of your website — like your services, products, programs, and other conversion focused pages.

4. Hire a professional designer. Certain we believe on you should hire a professional web designer for your entire site, but if you are a do-it-yourselfer or don’t have the budget, at minimum, invest in a experience graphic designer (GD) to design your website header or banner image for you. You only have a couple second to make a first impression, so make it count.

Laravel - Security

by Shakuntala Naroda


Laravel - Security

                      

Security is important feature while designing web applications. It assures the users of the website that their data is secured. Laravel provides various mechanisms to secure website. Some of the features are listed below –

1. Passwords − Laravel provides a class called “Hash” class which provides secure Bcrypt hashing. The password can be hashed in the following way.

2.make() function will take a value as argument and will return the hashed value. The hashed value can be checked using the check() function in the following way.

The above function will return Boolean value. It will return true if password matched or false otherwise.
Laravel - Security The other main security features in Laravel is authenticating user and perform some action. Laravel has made this task easier.

4.CSRF Protection/Cross-site request forgery (XSS) − Cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks happen when attackers are able to place client-side JavaScript code in a page viewed by other users. To avoid this kind of attack, you should never trust any user-submitted data or escape any dangerous characters.Laravel automatically generates a CSRF "token" for each active user session managed by the application. Anytime you define a HTML form in your application, you should include a hidden CSRF token field in the form so that the CSRF protection middleware can validate the request.

5.Avoiding SQL injection − SQL injection vulnerability exists when an application inserts arbitrary and unfiltered user input in an SQL query. By default, Laravel will protect you against this type of attack since both the query builder and Eloquent use PHP Data Objects class behind the scenes. Consider for instance a form field used to supply an e-mail address which might be used for searching a user table.

6.Cookies Secure by default - Laravel makes it very easy to create, read, and expire cookies with its Cookie class. In Laravel all cookies are automatically signed and encrypted. Laravel will automatically discard them. This also means that you will not be able to read them from the client side using JavaScript.

7.Forcing HTTPS when exchanging sensitive data − HTTPS prevents attackers on the same network to intercept private information such as session variables, and log in as the victim.



Conclusion: Of course, there are plenty of other things you should do to further secure your Laravel application, such as ensuring browser-based error reporting is disabled . However Laravel really does ensure a much more secure application by eliminating these three very common attack vectors.

BOOTSTRAP 3 BASICS

by Karishma,

Bootstrap is a front-end framework that builds responsive websites. With a mobile-first approach at its core, its grid system allows designers to create sites for small screens, then scale designs up from there.

It uses a combination of HTML5 mark-up, compiled and minified CSS styling, fonts, and JavaScript. Bootstrap CSS is customizable, and even supports Less and Sass pre-compiled CSS, in addition to plain CSS files.

Other highlights:

1. What you can do with Bootstrap: create transition effects, image galleries, image carousels, alert messages, tool tips, dashboards, sticky footers, buttons, progress bars, popovers, pagination, drop-down menus, cover pages, and the Scroll Spy plug-in, which automatically updates a nav bar for the user, depending on where they are on the page.

2. A variety of templates: Bootstrap design templates include features like typography, forms, buttons, tables, different navigation styles, modals, and more.

3. Convenient layout classes: These consist of Large (desktops), Medium (smaller desktops or laptops), Small (tablets), and Extra Small (mobile phones), which include containers, rows, and up to 12 columns that can be combined to make larger columns. Bootstrap allows you to start out with stacked layouts (for mobile devices) that migrate to horizontal, for desktop versions. 

4. The convenience of Grunt: Grunt is a JavaScript task runner that’s all about automation. It manages repetitive tasks like compiling, “magnification,” and unit testing, so your team doesn’t have to. 

5. Browser compatibility: It’s compatible with Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer 8 and up, Safari, and Opera. Note: Bootstrap will degrade some of its features by default to work finely on older browsers. 

6. The Bootstrap Markup API: Bootstrap’s all-around best API that lets you use every JavaScript plugin without writing a single line of JS code. 

7. Open source: Bootstrap is open-source. Download Bootstrap from GitHub and link it right into a site’s HTML file. 

8. CSS pre-processors: Bootstrap lets you implement both the Sass and Less CSS pre-compilers. 

9. Easy JavaScript extensions: JavaScript plugins can be downloaded in just one file. To use Bootstrap with JavaScript add-ons, just reference the jQuery library in the HTML. It’s also consist custom jQuery plugins that can be used individually, or compiled and minified. 

10.Compatible with Bower: Bootstrap can be installed with Bower, a powerful package manager that helps you manage all the parts of your website like libraries, frameworks, utilities, and more.

Working with JQuery and CDN

by Rahul Maske,

Introduction
jQuery is not a language, but it is a well written JavaScript code. As quoted on official jQuery website, "it is a fast and concise JavaScript Library that simplifies HTML document traversing, event handling, animating, and Ajax interactions for rapid web development".




                   




What is jQuery?
jQuery is not a language, but it is a well written JavaScript code. As quoted on official jQuery website, "it is a fast and concise JavaScript Library that simplifies HTML document traversing, event handling, animating, and Ajax interactions for rapid web development."

In order to work with jQuery, you should be aware of the basics of JavaScript, HTML and CSS.

It was released in January 2006 at BarCamp NYC by John Resig.

Licensing
It is free, open source software Dual-licensed under the MIT License and the GNU General Public License. Microsoft has integrated jQuery officially into its IDE Visual Studio 2010 and jQuery intellisense is available in Visual Studio 2010 now.

Why jQuery?
jQuery is very compact and well written JavaScript code that increases the productivity of the developer by enabling them to achieve critical UI functionality by writing very small amount of code.

· It helps to improve the performance of the application

· It helps to develop most browser compatible web page

· It helps to implement UI related critical functionality without writing hundreds of lines of codes

· It is fast

· It is extensible – jQuery can be extended to implement customized behavior

Other advantages of jQuery are:
· No need to learn fresh new syntaxes to use jQuery, knowing simple JavaScript syntax is enough

· Simple and cleaner code, no need to write several lines of codes to achieve complex functionality
  Where to Download jQuery from?

 jQuery JavaScript file can be downloaded from jQuery Official website.

How to Use jQuery?
jQuery usually comes as a single JavaScript file containing everything comes out of the box with jQuery. It can be included within a web page using the following mark-up:

To Load Local jQuery File

<script type="text/javascript" src="jQuery-1.4.1-min.js"></script>

Ideally, this markup is kept in under <head></head> tag of your web page, however you are free to keep anywhere you want.
Loading jQuery from CDN
What is CDN?

CDN Stands for Content Distribution Network or also called Content Delivery Network is a group of computers placed at various points connected with network containing copies of data files to maximize bandwidth in accessing the data. In CDN, a client accesses a copy of data nearer to the client location rather than all clients accessing from the one particular server. This helps to achieve better performance of data retrieval by client.

There are two leading CDNs available that host jQuery files.

A jQuery file can be loaded from Google CDN. You will need to keep the following tag in your page.

<script type="text/javascript" language="Javascript" src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
Why to Load jQuery File from CDN?

You may ask that if we can load the jQuery file from our own server, why load it from the CDNs. The answer is logical and very simple. The browser behavior is that whenever it loads any webpage, it keeps related files (e.g., JavaScript file, CSS file and Images) used for that page into its cache (also called history). When next time the user browses any web page, browser loads only those files that are new or modified and is not available in the browser cache or history. In this way, browser improves its performance and loads the page.

The possibility is that if more and more websites are using CDNs, the user might have already browsed some other web pages that are using CDNs jQuery file and that file may have into browser cache; so when user browses your page and you are also using CDNs file, the older cached version of jQuery file will be used. In this way, your page will load faster as browser will not have to load the jQuery file for your page again.

The benefits are as follows:

1. Faster page load as jQuery file need not be downloaded

2. Saves your bandwidth as jQuery file is not loaded from your server

3. Scalable - generally CDNs place these files on the servers located at different geographical          locations of the world so that they load faster so irrespective of from where your user is browsing        your page, your application runs well.

4. How to Load Local jQuery File in Case CDN is Not Available?

5. Sometimes, it may happen that the CDN you have used to load the jQuery file is not available (it    rarely happens, however anything is possible, isn’t it?); in that case you should load your local    jQuery file that is available on your server so that all jQuery related functionality still works on your  page.

6. Write the following lines of code:

<!-- START - jQuery Reference -->

<script type="text/javascript" language="Javascript"



src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery/jquery-1.4.1.min.js"></script>

<script type='text/javascript'>//<![CDATA[

if (typeof jQuery == 'undefined') {

document.write(unescape("%3Cscript

src='/Script/jquery-1.4.1.min.js' type='text/javascript' %3E%3C/script%3E"));

}//]]>

</script>

<!-- END - jQuery Reference -->



Replace bolded path with your own jQuery file path on the server. In the above code, the first line tries to load the jQuery file from CDN, if browser could load the file successfully, "jQuery" variable will not be undefined and next script will not run otherwise next script will run that will write the script tag to load the jQuery file from your server.

Coding Standards you must follow...

By Parikshit,

Cleanliness is a term that every programmer should learn and obey when creating code. When you create clean code it will help you troubleshoot any issues you may have with your code in the future. Here are five standards you should follow while writing the code.

1. Line Breaks:
This should be something that seems obvious for most designers but it should still be mentioned. When you put everything on one line, it becomes harder to read, and if you have to change any of the code in the future it takes longer. In CSS, it is nice to have a new line break after every attribute, this allows the designer and future designers to understand quickly where the attribute ends. Designers should get in the habit of pressing the Enter key for a page break after every semi-colon in their code. Having line breaks in your code also makes the code look more professional.

2. Tab Indention's / Single Indention's:
This is a debate that developers have all the time, should you tab indent or use a single space indention? Whatever you choose to use, be consistent with it. Don’t use tab indention for one attribute, then a single indention on the next. Like line breaks, being consistent with your indention's makes your code easier to read, troubleshoot, and look professional.

3. Clean Comments:

Comments play important role in coding. They can save a lot of time and stress when trying to find out what the original developer was trying to do. If the comments are not written cleanly, then comments can become useless. Comments should be as descriptive as possible and should be short and to the point. When writing comments, make them sound natural as if you are explaining the code to another developer. If you using one line comments your entire code, then switch to multi-line comments for no apparent reason, it can throw off the person reading the comments.

4. Consistent and Descriptive Classes and IDs:
In programming, one of the first things you are taught are to be descriptive when naming a variable. A class or ID with a descriptive name can assist in helping understand what the developer is trying to do. A class named odd isn’t very descriptive. Does odd mean an odd number, or something odd is happening that should not be happening. Whereas odd_row will let you know that the row is odd, and if you have an even_row class, then it is a little safer to assume that the classes affect something that alternates between even and odd numbers. Being consistent with variable names helps your code be clean also. If you had classes that started with a capital letter, then in the HTML tags you call them with a lowercase letter it can become confusing. CSS and HTML are not case sensitive, but it helps if you remember to keep an eye on upper and lower case characters. Perfection is in the details, and making for sure you are consistent with variable names is just one more detail to remember.

5. Nesting:
Nesting is the idea of putting similar code together so that it can be read easier. In CSS, you may want to nest attributes based on their class and ids. It is a lot easier to understand what a designer is trying to do when the designer puts all the attributes for a class called clean_code together. It also makes it easier to change one attribute that affects that class then searching through all the lines of code. When you use nesting with indention's and line breaks, this can make a big difference in how easy your code is to read.